Elevator working principle

What about the main components of whole elevator set?

Part 1: Traction motor drives the traction wheel rotation through reducer gear,on the traction rope and the traction wheel traction force generated by the implementation of the car and the heavy lifting movement, to achieve transportation purpose.

Part 2: The car is a cabin to carrying passengers or other loads.

Part 3:Counterweight is used to balance the load of the car and reduce the power of the motor.

Part 4:Compensation device to compensate the movement of the traction rope tension and weight change, the traction motor load is stable, the car can be accurately docked

Part 5:Electrical system to achieve the control of the elevator movement, while the completion of the selection layer, flat layer, speed, lighting work

Part 6:Indicate the car position in the direction of movement and the floor of the car at any time.

Part 7:Safety device to ensure the safety of the elevator operation

Learn more by below information.

1^st  What about the elevator types?

Elevators are devices that move people and goods vertically within a dedicated shaft that connects the floors of a building. In almost all modern multi-floor buildings, elevators are required to provide universal access.

There are three main types of elevators commonly used: traction elevator with a machine room , machine room less elevator , and hydraulic elevator.

However, there are variations on each types,and the most widely used is passenger elevator and freight elevator.

2^nd How to lift up and running?

There is a elevator car and a counterweight, the rope connecting them by wire rope through traction drive device (hoisting machine), driven by the elevator car and the elevator guide focuses on the up and down movement.

3^rd Whether the elevator rope will break?

Elevator rope is dedicated elevator, the state has special regulations and requirements. Rope configuration does not assume just for the elevator car and the rated load capacity, also taking into account the size of the traction force, so much greater than the tensile strength of steel wire rope elevator load, they are a safety factor of 12 or more, and usually are elevator with four or more wire rope, wire rope under normal circumstances would not lift off simultaneously.

4^th Elevator sudden power failure if there is danger?

Elevator in case of sudden power failure or power line failure, the lift will automatically stop running, there will be no danger. Because the elevator itself has electrical, mechanical safety devices, a power failure, the elevator brakes automatically brake the elevator can not run. In addition, the electricity sector if planned power outage, will advance notice or advance your home elevator stops running.

5^th  How to do when the elevator suddenly speed up?

Elevator speed, whether upstream or downstream, should be run at the rated speed specified range, generally not speeding, speeding if, in the elevator control system is anti-speeding device, then the device will start automatically, elevator to slow down or stop.

6^th  If the elevator car can automatically control it when overloading?

Elevator load vary according to different needs, the elevator can only run within the specified load, the beyond, the elevator will automatically alarm, and can not run.

7^th  When the elevator door closing if caught would have caused harm?

The elevator door closing process, if the hall door sedan hit people or things, the door will automatically re-open, do not hurt. Because people with a pinch switch on the door, once the door to touch people or things, this switching operation of the elevator can not be closed and re-opened, then closed again. In addition, the closing force is provided not to the extent of wounding.

8^th Whether the elevator landing door can be pawed by hand?

Elevator landing door is an important part of elevator design.In the hall can not be pawed, you must use special tools to open (by service personnel in charge of special tools). Passengers are not allowed to grilled door, or there will be danger of falling of the hoistway.

9^th How to call the elevator?

When you need to take the commercial elevator,
push the call button on the elevator hall call panel.

10^th When the elevator suddenly power offer or have a fault, how shall we do?

When you are locked in the car, you should obey the command of the elevator driver, if the driver is not in the situation, through the communication devices and related personnel to contact, in order to rescue.

11^th What should pay attention to those matters when entering the car?

When you enter the car, if the elevator door open, to see whether the elevator in the level position, especially when the night light is not clear, we should pay more attention to the car in this layer, otherwise it may cause injury, and should be fast.

12^th The operator staff of elevator installation, repair and maintenance should obtain the appropriate qualifications?

Yes. The elevator installation, maintenance, transformation of units shall be issued by the Bureau of quality and technical supervision qualification certificate, then is able to be engaged in relevant work; elevator installation, repair and maintenance, elevator operators shall obtain the special operator certificate.

The Basic Function of passenger elevator

Each brand of elevators and different elevator manufacturers have different basic functions.And different elevator types also have different basic functions.

Now let’s start to learn the basic function of passenger elevators.

1.Five Party Talk 

Computer room / control room / car cabin/ car platform/ car top the five party distributed with wire cable and telephone.

2.With/without driver

In the driver's operation state, the elevator outside the hall of the call can be registered.And the driver can control the door of the elevator to start or close, choose the direction of operation and whether the response to the outside call instruction.

3.Elevator button in car cabin to control the elevator

Through the function button to keep the door open or close,and control the operation of the elevator.

4.Hall button

Call the elevator through the hall button,and keep the elevator door open.

5.Cancel wrong commands

Can cancel the wrong commands by false operation of the passengers.

6.Anti-nuisance when light load

When the elevator loading not exceed 20% of the rated capacity,and the number of instructions within the elevator is greater than the system set value, elevator system will determine the occurrence of a trick at this time.Anti trick function of elevator will open automatic,and the elevator will cancel all the commands after response to the recent floor after the internal instruction.

7.Parking function

The elevator automatically returns to the base station and closes the standby mode when no call instruction is registered.

8.Closing time setting:Closing time can be set in advance.

9.Call button embedded in self diagnosis function

10.Repeat closing function

When the elevator is blocked during the closing process,will repeat the closing action.

11.Automatic function of self rescue in fault

The elevator can be automatically operated at low speed (15m/min),and stop at the nearest service floor to open the door.

12.Directly stop

13.Full load straight drive

14.Overload protection 

15.Over speed protection 

               

16.Cut off lightening and fan in car when no passengers.

17.Return to ground floor

18.Elevator machine room requirements fast running

19.Elevator machine room rescue operation function

20.Elevator fault self diagnosis function

When there is a failure of the elevator, the elevator automatic monitoring of the causes of the failure, location and status, and the failure to make timely breakdown of the registration and classification.

21.Faulty history record

22.Cabin arrival gong

Some elevator companies make this function as optional.

23.The fire control function of landing operation

In the case of a building fire, the elevator can be automatically returned to the fire evacuation layer through the fire signal, so as to ensure the safety of the elevator passengers.

24.Self learning control function       

25.Car camera monitoring function

26. Service floor setting

27.Light curtain protection

28.Door switch fault protection

29.Base station (ground floor) lock control function

30.Group control function

This function is parallel function,to make use of the two elevators in the common hall to cooperate with each other.

31.Elevator remote monitoring

32.Auto rescue device

When the electric power off , run the elevator to the nearest service floor in lower speed through emergency power supply.

Only a few of china elevator companies use this as basic function.

33.Car top overhaul operation function

34.Car door overtime automatic closing function

35.Power cut emergency lighting function(30 minutes)

Elevator safety notice

First,we need to learn about the elevator safety parts.

1.Car running safety protection device

●Forced speed switch terminal

When the normal speed out of control, forcing the elevator change speed, so as to avoid the occurrence of top lift at high speed or squat at the end of the phenomenon.

●Terminal limit switch

To prevent the elevator out of control and beyond the travel and cause the rush or squat, off the upper (down)direction of the contactor,to stop the elevator.

●Limit switch

Elevator control circuit failure, the elevator car crossed the floor,and forced to the speed switch and terminal limit switch,then the limit switch will cut off the main power supply.

2.Maintenance personnel protection device

●Car top emergency stop switch

It Is used for maintenance personnel working at the top of the car.

When the switch is opened, the elevator control power is cut off, and the casualty accident is prevented.

 

●Bottom pit emergency stop switch

It Is used for maintenance personnel working at the pit of the car.

When the switch is opened, the elevator control power is cut off, and the casualty accident is prevented.

●Safety window switch

The safety window switch is arranged on the side of the safety window, when the window is opened, the switch is disconnected, and the power supply is cut off.

3.System operating protection device

●Safety gear action switch

●Main circuit thermal relay

●Power supply under phase reverse phase protection relay

●Speed limiter break switch and over speed protection

●Selective layer steel belt breakage protection switch

●Signal protection circuit

●Under magnetic protection of DC motor

4.Passenger safety protection

●Door lock switch

When the door is closed, the switch is on;when the door is opened, the switch is disconnected.

The elevator must be closed all the doors, then all door locks switch on, to start running.

●Safety touch panel switch

The safety touch panel switch is arranged to prevent the holder or the object in the process of closing the door.

●Overload protection

When the elevator is overloaded, the overload protection switch take action and give an alarm , the traction motor can not start.

●Emergency stop switch

Emergency stop button on the car operation panel(COP), in case of accident, press the emergency stop button, you can stop the elevator running.

Then,how to avoid accidents when the parents take children to take the elevator and electric escalator?

1.Parents have to take the responsibility of the child's guardian, in any case can not let the children take the elevator alone.And tell them the safety notice for taking the elevator.

2.If you take the child to take the escalator, must consider the height of the baby, to avoid the baby head hit other items on.If the baby's toys are on the escalator, do not let the baby to pick up, so as not to clamp the baby's fingers.

3.When enter in and out of the elevator, is most easily out of danger.Let your child to enter in first, parents in the back of the protection. 

4.Don't let the children run in the rolling on the escalator lift, don't play with buddies on the escalator, climbing or slapstick.To avoid falling down from the escalator and get hurt.

5.When take the vertical elevator equipment, do not let the child put hands in the elevator door to prevent the elevator doors open, squeeze fingers.

6.Don't let your child go to press the elevator buttons. 

                           

Eight major points in the elevator purchasing

Elevator as a vertical transportation equipment,is inseparable with people's daily life.

 So how we purchase the elevator? In order to save time and make the product valuable and also avoid disputes, our purchaser and agent need to pay more attention to the following eight points.

1.Confirm the type of elevator ahead of schedule

In the planning period of the building, we should define the usage of the building.

Because different uses of the building will make the elevator type with a very large difference.If you didn’t choose the right type of elevator, make late changes is very troublesome and inconvenient.

After confirming the elevator type,should make a passenger flow analysis based on the construction area, the floors, the flow of people, the elevator location and other relevant factors.Then we can determine the required elevator numbers,the rated capacity, speed,machine room type and traction type...etc.

1.Start purchasing after the project planning approval

When the elevator type, capacity,speed and other details have be confirmed,we can start design blueprints.About elevator civil construction drawing,usually design department will take the professional elevator manufacturers to provide the same type of standard drawing combined with the different structure of the building.

2.Make reasonable choice of manufacturers and brands

Choose the basic units of the same grade tender according to their budget and project positioning.

Our safe elevator is such a professional elevator and escalator companies in china.

3.Choose the elevator function based on your demand

Each elevator factory has their own elevator function table, the purchaser should understand these functions. Basic function can't fall, optional functions need to be selected as real demand.For example, accessibility function should be considered for public construction project.

4.Confirm the prices to avoid disputes

The price of elevator should include the elevator equipment prices, transport costs,  installation costs and other related costs.Both supplier and buyer should list all the costs in the contract, to clarify the responsibility of both parties is the best way to avoid disputes.

5.Overall planning for delivery time

According to the building construction progress, the purchaser should ask the elevator manufacturers to confirm the delivery date. Generally speaking,most

factories’s delivery time need 2 months to 4 months. The best timing of the lift equipment in building is when the building has been capped,and when the outdoor crane will be dismantled soon.

If the elevator arrived before this, it will have a storage problem, and will appear two times cost for lifting, transportation and other expenses. Usually elevator factory will have free storage period, if not shipped out in this period, the manufacturer will charge a fee.

6.Three major parts of the installation of a good lift

First of all, the elevator manufacturers have to guarantee the quality of their products.

Secondly, should pay attention to the installation and debugging process level.

The installation quality is very important, the installation team are always by the manufacturer or have long-term cooperation with the factory. Debugging is generally arranged by elevator factory.

Finally, definite after-sales service. After-sale service  shall be responsible for the professional maintenance team.

7.Elevator acceptance can not be sloppy

The owners and supervision department must check and accept the elevators according to the elevator acceptance criteria and the functions identified in the contract.Such as opening box, checking and accepting inspected,process monitoring, acceptance and acceptance of concealed function.